Endorobots for Colonoscopy: Design Challenges and Available Technologies

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of death worldwide, after lung ( Sung et al., 2021 ). Early stage detection key to increase survival rate. Colonoscopy remains be gold standard procedure due its dual capability optically inspect entire colonic mucosa and perform interventional procedures at same time. However, this causes pain discomfort, whereby it requires sedation or anaesthesia patient. It a difficult that can damage wall in some cases. Development new technologies aims overcome current limitations on colonoscopy by using advancements endorobotics research. The design these advanced medical devices challenging because limited space lumen, contorted shape, long tract large bowel. force applied needs controlled avoid collateral effects such as injuries during procedure. This article discusses challenges procedure, available locomotion for endorobots used prototype level commercial products available.